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List of Honey Bee Forage Species within Region 2 for the State of WA

Ordered by Begin Bloom Month

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USDA codeFamilyLatin NameCommon NamePlant TypeBegin Bloom MonthEnd Bloom MonthSig
CORYLBetulaceaeCorylusFilbert, hazel, hazelnutSDB13N
ALNUSBetulaceaeAlnus Mill.AlderTDB16N
BRASS2BrassicaceaeBrassicamustardC28N
ARCTO3EricaceaeArctostaphylosManzanita, bearberryS25N
SALIXSalicaceaeSalixWillow, osierTDB28N
TAOFCAsteraceaeTaraxacumDandelion, blow-ballsF39N
ACERAceraceaeAcermapleTDB35N
POPULSalicaceaePopulusCottonwood, poplar aspenTDB36N
SAMBUCaprifoliaceaeSambucusElderberry, elderTDB, S37N
BROLBrassicaceaeBrassica oleraceCabbageC47N
PYRUSRosaceaePyrusPearC45N
BALSAAsteraceaeBalsamorhizaBalsamroot, sunflowerF47N
TRRE3FabaceaeTrifolium repensWhite, dutch cloverF49N
FRPU7RhamnaceaeRhamnus purshianaSagrada, bearberry, cascaraS46N
RUBUSRosaceaeRubusBlackberryS, C47Y
RUBUSRosaceaeRubusBlackberryS, C47N
RUCO4RosaceaeRubusRaspberryS,C47Y
RUCO4RosaceaeRubusRaspberryS,C47N
VACCIEricaceaeVacciniumBlueberry, huckleberrySDB46Y
VACCIEricaceaeVacciniumBlueberry, huckleberrySDB46N
MAHONBerberidaceaeMahoniaOregon grape, holly grapeSEB45N
MALUSRosaceaeMalusAppleTDB46N
PRAVRosaceaePrunusCherry (uncultivated)TDB46N
PRAVRosaceaePrunusCherry (cultivated)TDB,C45N
ILEXAquifoliaceaeIlexHolly, yauponTEB45N
LONICCaprifoliceaeLonicerahoneysuckleV46N
BRNABrassicaceaeBrassica rapa and napuscanolaC55N
ERIOGPolygonaceaeEriogonumWild buckwheat, umbrella plantF510N
MELILFabaceaeMelilotusSweet clover (white/yellow)F510Y
POLYG4PolygonaceaePolygonumSmartweed, knotweed, fleece flowerF510N
SYMPHSymphoricarposSymphoricarposSnowberry, wolfberry, waxberry,F58Y
TRHYFabaceaeTrifolium hybridumAlsike cloverF59Y
TRPR2FabaceaeTrifolium pratenseRed cloverF58Y
TRPR2FabaceaeTrifolium pratenseRed cloverF58N
VICIAFabaceaeViciaVetch, tareF58Y
CRATARosaceaeCrataegusHawthornS56N
VAMAEricaceaeVaccinium macrocarponCranberryS, C56N
ROPSFabaceaeRobinia pseudoacaciaBlack locust, false acacia, yellow locustTDB57N
PINUSPinaceaePinusPineTEN57N
ARNE4ConvolvulaceaeConvolvulusBindweedV, F58N
CUSA4CucurbitaceaeCucumis sativuscucumberC68N
DAUCUApiaceaeDaucus carotaC68N
CENTAAsteraceaeCentaureaStar thistle, knapweedF610Y
CHANA2OnagraceaeEpilobium angustifoliumFireweed, willow herb, wickupF68Y
ZEMAM2PoaceaeZea maysCorn, maizeC78N
SOLIDAsteraceaeSolidagoGoldenrodF710Y
LOAN2FabaceaeLotus corniculatusBird's foot trefoilF99Y
LOAN2FabaceaeLotus corniculatusBird's foot trefoilF99N

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Plant Type codes:

Sig column

      T    - tree
    TDB - tree, deciduous broadleaf
    TEN - tree, evergreen needleleaf
    TEB - tree, evergreen broadleaf
      S    - shrub
    SEB - shrub, evergreen broadleaf
    SDB - shrub, deciduous broadleaf
      V    - vine
    VDB - vine, deciduous broadleaf
      G    - grass
      F    - forb (herbaceous flowering plants, non-woody)
      C    - crops/cultivated
   This column indicates whether or not the species is considered a very important nectar source species within the state and region selected. If it is a significant source, it is indicated here with a 'Y' and the row is highlighted.

In this context, important is defined by Ayers and Harman as those species that "reliably produce a large percent of the harvested honey" within the selected region.

 
 

 For those wishing to see more detailed information about any species in the list, please visit the USDA PLANTS Database web site and search by any of the first three columns from the table.

 
This output was derived from content created by Ayers and Harman, and published as Chapter 11 "Bee Forage of North America and the Potential for Planting for Bees" from the book The Hive and the Honey Bee, 1992, Graham, J. ed. Dadant and Sons Inc. Hamilton, Illinois.
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Last Updated: February 1, 2024